Multiparameter investigation of bulk heterojunction organic photovoltaics

A key parameter to improve the performance of organic solar cells is the optimization of electronic phenomena at donor–acceptor interfaces through the optimization of the morphology of the bulk heterojunction. The correlative mapping of morphological, electrical and mechanical properties at the nanoscale by advanced scanning probe microscopy techniques allows for a detailed characterization of the local structure–property relationships in bulk heterojunctions solar cells. Unique opportunities for the investigation of these photoactive films are shown here, ultimately suggesting fundamental guidelines toward the accurate engineering of these materials at the nanoscale.